THE PINEAL GLAND
The pineal gland is one of the biggest secrets that are hidden from us. The secret is not the existence of the gland, but its functioning.
The pineal gland or epiphysis is a chronobiotic agent. This means that it synchronizes our internal clock with the light-dark cycle. In the absence of light, this small brain organ of just 120 milligrams produces the hormone that takes us to the world of dreams: melatonin.
In some animals (fish, reptiles and amphibians), this gland is located under the skin and is able to receive light information directly. For this reason, it is also known as the "third eye".
Why pineal gland is called third eye?
The name “third eye” comes from the pineal gland's primary function of 'letting in light and darkness', just as our two eyes do. This gland is the melatonin-secreting neuroendocrine organ containing light-sensitive cells that control the circadian rhythm
However, in the human species, as in most vertebrates, this pineapple-shaped and pea-sized organ is located inside the skull. Therefore, more complex ways are needed to know whether it is day or night.
What two functions does the pineal gland regulate?
The pineal gland’s primary function is to regulate the circadian rhythm, including feeling tired and wakefulness. It does this through the secretion of melatonin. It also may play a role in several systems, including the cardiovascular system and sexual hormones.
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